22 June 2009

Olinda Oil Field History: The 1910 Account of William Loftus

In 1921, the Historic Record Company, Los Angeles publishers of "mug books," histories that included mainly biographical essays of people who paid to be included in the work, issued its History of Orange County California by Samuel Armor. A chapter in the work was devoted to "The Oil Industry," as written in 1910 by William Loftus, an oilman whose Graham-Loftus company was one of the main players at Olinda.

His essay opened by stating that, although there was some oil exploration in the county before 1896, it was Edward Doheny who "obtained a lease with an option to purchase the lands now owned and operated by the Petroleum Development Company, which company is now owned by the Santa Fe Railroad Company."

Doheny burst into prominence in 1892, when the oil development he had in Los Angeles with Charles Canfield led to a successful opening of the first field in that city. Doheny also found incredible success in Mexico, specifically at Tampico, creating the company that is now Pemex, a government-controlled firm that has been one of the world's largest.

Loftus went on to write that "Mr. Doheny entered into a contract with the Santa Fe Company to operate the territory in partnership. He moved onto the property in February, 1897, and the first well, which was drilled to a depth of about 700 feet, was completed and put on the pump in a few months. It was started off with a production of about fifty barrels per day." This Santa Fe well #1 is still operating today and is part of the oil museum located in the midst of the Olinda Ranch housing tract.

Loftus noted that Doheny had predicted wells prodcuing some ten to twenty-five barrels per day at that depth. He went on that "up to October, 1898, the Santa Fe and Mr. Doheny had drilled ten wells, all less than 900 feet deep, which was about as deep as could be drilled in this formation with the methods then employed. Their best well produced about 100 barrels per day."

It was Loftus' own firm, the Graham-Loftus Oil Company, that entered the field next and it "commenced operations in this field in October, 1898. They drilled the first well 650 feet deep, and could get no further. The well started off with a production of forty barrels per day."

Problems, however, ensued with well #2, but Loftus attributed to a Frank Garbut the technique of filling the well with water to keep the walls up and preventing cave-ins as the well was dug deeper, in this case to almost 1,500 feet. As Loftus expressed it, the use of water to fill wells is "the greatest of the three chief factors that have made the large production of petroleum oil in California possible," along with steel drilling cable and a double under-reamer, a device that used cutters that expanded with the use of springs to allow casings to move deeper into the well hole. With this technology, the second Graham-Loftus well achieved a production of 700 barrels per day, a high number for the day. Later advances in drilling technology allowed this #2 well to go down over 4,000 feet and, for a few days, to bring in 20,000 barrels per day.

Also in the fall of 1898, the Columbia Oil Company began its work at the Olinda Ranch and through its operations it was learned that "the oil appears to be the same as that in the old Puente wells about five miles northwest [the property of the Puente Oil Company, formed by William R. Rowland, son of an early cattle rancher and farmer and a former Los Angeles County sheriff, and William Lacy on Rowland's portion of Rancho La Puente, in today's Rowland Heights], and it is the opinion of well-informed oil men that the light oil belt is continuous between these two points." As has been noted on previous entries in this blog, the geologic formation in what is called the "strike" has been demonstrated to be the same.

The promoters of the Columbia were Charles V. Hall, George Owens, Martin Barbour and James Lynch and their 58-acre lease soon passed to Hall, who persevered until the first well achieved a depth of 1,500 feet, at which point the crude flowed and thereby "opened up what has proven to be the richest portion of the field." Indeed, Loftus noted that there was a Columbia well that reached 20,000 barrels per day for a few days.

Union Oil Company of California, later Unocal, bought over 1,000 acres of Stearns Ranch Company [Abel Stearns, one of the first Americans to live in Los Angeles when he arrived from Massachusetts in 1828, being the owner of immense portion of central and northern Orange County until financial problems led him to sell his lands just before his death in 1871] land, of which 100 acres constituting the west end of the Olinda field were leased to Columbia and another 200 acres were obtained by the Brea Canon Oil Company. This firm was also partially owned by Doheny and the company found success on this property.

Loftus reckoned that calculated in terms of the "amount of oil sand and the per cent of saturation, which means the amount of oil per acre . . . the Olinda-Fullerton field is considered the best in the state, which means the best in the United States." By 1910, there were about 20.5 million barrels unearthed at the field with a value of $12.5 million dollars, determined by an average price of 65 cents per barrel (that's right, 65 cents compared to today's price of just below $70.)

8 comments:

@_@=====* said...
This comment has been removed by the author.
@_@=====* said...

Hi,

Brea Cañon oil company is still around, located right off of the beginning of Brea canyon road. They still own most of the leases in this area while Crimson pipeline L.P. owns the pipelines. I am thinking about making a blog devoted towards Brea canyon


Thanks,

Corey

prs said...

Hi Corey, thanks for the comment and, now that you've mentioned it, I've seen that company name on signs there in that area. I think a blog about Brea Canyon is a great idea, especially because of the oil history (there is that historical marker there on the east side of the road that probably very few have stopped and looked at) and the development that has been proposed for that general area. If you do start one, let me know and good luck!

Cliff Hall said...

Great information on the oil history of the area. My great grandfather was Charles V Hall and he ran a number of companies in that area, Fullerton Consolidated, Industrial, etc.

prs said...

Hello Cliff, thanks for the comment and if you have any information on your great-grandfather that you think might be work posting on the blog, let me know.

Cliff Hall said...

I have a few things and some photos of his Fullerton Consolidated wells on Olinda lease. How do I contact you?

Bruce Graham said...

I have a lot of information about S.C. Graham, my great-grandfather, who was Loftus' business partner. He grew up in Western Pennsylvania, where the oil industry began, moved to Santa Paula to work for Union Oil. He formed Graham-Loftus with the backing of Union co-founder and U.S. senator Thomas Bard. He was one of the original members of the Lincoln-Roosevelt clus that played an influential role in California and Los Angeles politics.
Bruce Graham

prs said...

Hi Bruce, I've been offline recently, but just saw your comment. If you have information on your great-grandfather that you'd like to share and which can be included in this blog, please contact me: lahilahi@roadrunner.com. Thanks!